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课程介绍
高考英语词汇解析
A
1.●abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair.
2. ◎ability n. 能力； 才能 the ability to walk 行走的能力
to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力 He completed the job to the best of his ability.
3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 They thought his behavior was abnormal.
反义词：normal
4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)
all the people aboard 机上的人
5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处
a) be about to do sth…(when) I was about to go out when it began to rain.
b) look about/around/round c) How/What about…询问情况或建议
6 . above prep 在…上面 above all 首先;尤其
7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在国内外
8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席
absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence.
in the absence of 在缺少…条件下 The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等） 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
absorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…
11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
12. accept vt.
accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…
13.●access n.方法，通路，机会
The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high officials have access to the emperor.
We students have access to the school library.
accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的
Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事
by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心
15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket
accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.
16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现 accomplishment n. 成就，成绩
accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal
17. according to 根据 According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责 accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…
19.● accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的
be/ get/ become accustomed to doing He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 达到；取得 achievement n 成就
achieve success/victory/one’s goal;
22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等） make great achievements
23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.
Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
I acknowledged financial support from the local government.
24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到
25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事
act as 充当；扮演 act out 把…表演出来
26. action n. 行动 take action to do sth put sth into action 把…付诸实施
27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 take an active part in /be active in 积极参加
28.◎activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外运动
29.actual a.实际的 actually adv. in (actual) fact 实际上
30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应 adapt to change /the city life
adapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）
add(…)to 添加 add up 把…加在一起 add up to总计为; 总数为
a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again.
c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）
address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33.●adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应 adjust your speed /the volume/ the camera
adjust to the dark/ the single life adjust yourself to the student life adjustment n. 调整，调节
34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕
admire sb for sth I admire John for his courage.
35. admit vt （admitted ,admitted）
1) 承认 admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having done
He admitted having stolen the money.
2) 准许（入场，入学，入会） admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to
He has been admitted to Beijing University.
36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child the adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude
37. advance vi推进，促进；前进 adj. advanced 先进的/ 高级的
in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker
38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 优于… to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利
39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告
1）为…做广告 advertise a product / things
2）登广告征求/寻找… advertise for a new sales manager
40. advice n/u. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议 take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 a piece of advice 一条建议
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等
Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I can’t afford a book/to buy the book
43. afraid a. 害怕的；担心
be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…
She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着
stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature; be against sth 反对
They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
45. age n.年龄；时代 vi. 变老 for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of … ;
of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.
46. agree vi. 同意；应允
1）agree with ① agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.
②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：
The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2）agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
3）agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。
Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 ahead of time 提前 go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧
48.◎aid n. 援助；救护；辅助工具
first aid 急救 in aid of 支持
by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助 come/ go to one’s aid 帮助某人
v. 帮助，促进 aid (sb/ sth) in/ with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…
49. aim at
① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.
② (向某方面)努力 She's aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.
③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.
50.◎alike adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.
adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)
52. allow v 准许，允许 allow doing/ sb to do
allow for 把 考虑进去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv几乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独的
1) 形容词She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。）
2) 副词I like to work alone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。）
3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes alone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰
let alone 更不用说
2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大声地 read aloud/ think aloud
56. ◎amaze vt. 使惊奇，惊叹；震惊
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的
I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.
It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.
57. ◎ amount n. 数额（尤指数量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n
large amounts of +u/n v. （数量，意义等） 等同，相当于 amount to
1) （数量上）达到，总计
Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为
2）等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58. ● amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐amuse sb. 使…高兴 The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/ with 被…逗乐 amuse oneself 自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves by drawing. amusement n. to one’s amusement
59. ◎amusement n. 1) 娱乐,乐趣 to one’s amusement 让某人发笑
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。
2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements amuse vt. amuse sb/ oneself 使开心，逗笑
amused / amusing adj. an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/ 神情/ 表情
an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/ 电影
60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily /angrier )
be angry at (about) 因为…而生气 be angry with sb 生某人的气
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/ intention announce sth to sb announce that
At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
make an announcement
62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知
63.◎annoy vt. （使）烦恼 be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth.
What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
annoyed adj. 略感烦恼（生气）的 annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的
It’s _____that we didn’t know about this before.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切
Mr Davies was ____that the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。
64. answer n. the answer to the question v. answer a question/the door/the phone；
answer for 对… 负责 You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.
65. ◎anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心
anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb
渴望的，急切的 be anxious to do sth
67. ◎apologize n. 道歉，歉意 apology n.
make an apology/ apologies to sb for sth apologise to sb for sth
68. ●appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
The design has appealed to people of all ages. I appeal to you to protect the environment.
have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面 The man suddenly ______ from behind the tree scared me.
2) 系动词 似乎，好像 appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎
It appears (to sb) that /as if He appeared to be happy in the news.
It appears to me that he will win
It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。
Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70. ◎appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances 以貌取人
71.◎application n.申请 make an application for
72. apply v. 申请 apply for 申请；请求，接洽
apply sth to …运用，应用 apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事
73. ●appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定
1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。 He was appointed as chairman.
2). 约定，确定 Everyone got there at the appointed time.
In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n.
make an appointment 约定、会 his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 appreciate your concern appreciate doing sth
appreciate your abilities/ fine works of art I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
76. ◎approach 1). v. 接近；靠近；走进
As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.
2). n. 接近；方法；途径；通路
He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.
His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
77. ●approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 approve of 赞成，同意 approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/ 提议
approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument 1) argue for /against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事
80. ◎arise arose arisen vi. 1) 出现，发生，产生 A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。
2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.◎argument n. 1)争论，辩论 have an argument with sb about / over sth
2) 论点，论据 a powerful argument against smoking argue v. argue with sb about / over sth
82. arm
n. 手臂,支架 武器（复） arm in arm 手挽手 take up arms 拿起武器
vt. 以…装备,武装起来 arm…with…
Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约
around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 around the clock 昼夜不停地
84.◎arrange vt. 安排，布置
arrange an appointment 安排预约 Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。
The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
arrangement n. 安排，布置 make arrangements for…
85.◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
86. arrive v arrival n. 到来；达到 arrive at Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival
87. article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词 an article of clothing 一件衣服
88. ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
89. asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词) fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.
90. ●assist v. 帮助，协助 assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. ●assume v. 假定，假设 It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。 assuming （that）… 假设，假如
92. assumption n.
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 ※ ashamed & shameful
ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
93. astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at 对…感到大吃一惊 an astonished look
94. attach attach …to
95. attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby
97. attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on； attract one’s attention
98. attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚
99. available
100. average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 on (the)average 按平均
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101. avoid doing
102. awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken) Is he awake or asleep? awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. adj 醒着的be wide awake
103. award n. v.
104. aware be aware of
105. away adv离开；远离 keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送
106. awful
B
1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背
back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾
put back 放回去； turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
2. ◎backward adv. backward and forward 来来回回
bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做…
3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage
4. ◎balance 1) n. ① 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance
disturb the balance of one’s mind
② 余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知所措 on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth balance on one leg
He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career
③比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj. be on a balanced diet
5. ●ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做
6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred.
阻止 bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking
7. bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货
Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth
8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础 His book is based on a true story.
2) be based in以...为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills basically adv.
9. ◎basis (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis of…
2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of… Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.
10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath
bathe v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线） bathroom n.浴室
11. bear (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. ※ beat & hit &strike & knock
13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…
It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…
14. beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
15. begin—began—begun—beginning begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一
I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.
16. beginning n.开始，开端 at the beginning of… in the beginning= at first
17. ◎behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave badly/well/like a true gentleman
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children
18. ◎ behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体
19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带
20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs
短语 beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
21. believe believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你
It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.
22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair.
23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bend—bent—bent
She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。
24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abroad.
短语: be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... to one’s benefit 对某人有利
for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益
2） vt./ vi. benefit sb./ sth benefit from/ by...
beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 be beneficial to ...
25. best do/ try one’s best to do 尽全力做 make the best of…尽量利用
all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意
26. better had better do…最好做… 否定：had better not do
be better worth reading 更值得读 be better known 更著名的
27. beyond 超出、超过 beyond one’s imagination/description 难以想象/描述
beyond one’s power 超出能力范围 beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到
28. ●bid –bid- bid- bidding v. 出价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth.
I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。
The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万
29. birth n.出生、诞生 at birth 出生时 give birth to 生下、孕育了
30. biscuit 饼干c/n some chocolate biscuits
31. bit 1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n. He can speak a bit of French.
2) a bit/a little +比较级 a bit more slowly 3) not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不
32. blame 1）be to blame 应该受到责备（主动表被动） 2) blame sb. for doing→sb. be blamed for …
33.◎blank
1) n. 空白处，空格 fill in the blanks
(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name.
2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的 a blank form/ wall
不理解的，没表情的,空虚的 a blank expression Suddenly my mind went blank.
34. be blind to 对…视而不见、熟视无睹 =turn a blind eye to
35. blow v. (blew blown) 吹、刮 blow down 吹倒 blow up 爆炸、炸毁
n. 打击 give sb. a blow 给某人打击
36. board n. 木板、布告牌 v. 登上 on board 在船（车、飞机） board a train 上火车
37. book c/n 书 v. 预定（车、船）票 book a room/ ticket
38. ◎bored adj. be bored with... / to death. boring adj. a boring job /book/man
39. ◎bother vt./vi. 1) 花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）
① bother with/ about sth ---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.
It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella.
② bother to do He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.
③ bother doing Why bother asking if you are not really interested?
2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，担忧
① bother sb with/ about... I don’t want to bother her with my problems.
---I’m sorry he was rude to you. --- It doesn’t bother me.
② bother sb. that... Does it bother you that she earns more than you?
③ bother sb. to do... It bothers me to think of her alone at home.
3) 打扰 插话 bother sb Sorry to bother you, but...
be bothered about sb./ sth 认为...重要 关心... I’m not bothered about what he thinks.
n. 麻烦 困难（不可数） ---Thanks for your help. --- it was no bother.
put sb. to bother get sb. /oneself into bother给某人添麻烦
40. bottom at the bottom of… from the bottom of one’s heart
41. break—broke –broken break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；
break in 打断；闯入 break up 破碎；（关系）破裂
break away from 摆脱、脱离
42. breath n. hold one’s breath take a deep breath out of breath breathe v.
43. bring bring up bring down bring about bring in
44. broken adj. speak in broken English a broken marriage
45. ◎budget n. within / over budget 在预算内/超出预算 on a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据
vt. ~ sth for ... 将...编入预算 ~$1,000,000 for education spending
vi. ~ for 存钱 编预算 ~ for a holiday abroad
46. build—built—built v. 建筑；建造 build up 增进、增强
47. burn—burned—burned/--burnt—burnt 燃烧；晒黑、伤 burn down 烧毁
burn…to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地 get burnt 被晒伤
a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛
48. burst v. 突然发生burst—burst—burst
burst out laughing/ crying = burst into laughter/ tears 突然大笑起来/痛哭起来
49. bury v. 埋葬bury—buried—buried—burying
bury one’s face in the hands 手捂着脸 bury oneself in… = be buried in…
50. business n. 生意；职责；（本分）工作 on business
do business with sb. Business is business.
It’s none of your business. 与你无关。 mind your own business 管好你自己的事
51. busy adj. 忙的；忙碌的 be busy with sth. be busy (in) doing 忙于做 busily adv
52. but conj.但是 prep.除了
not…but… 不是…而是 we have no choice but to wait. 除了等待别无选择。
We can do nothing but wait. 除了等待什么也不能做。
but for 要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）But for your help, I would have failed.
53. by by bus/car/plane/air/train/ship… 乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船
C
1.●calculate v. 计算， 核算 It has been calculated that …
eg. It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
(be) calculated to do sth. eg. The speech was calculated to win votes.
2. call v. 叫；喊；打电话 a girl called Mary a girl calling herself Mary
call on call at sp. call for call up call off call in
3. calm adj. 镇静的、沉着的 calm down v.使镇静 keep calm
4. camp n.营 v.野营；宿营 summer camp 夏令营 go camping 去野营
5. can 否定：cannot= can’t
can’t help doing = can’t help but do 禁不住
can not…too… = can never…too… 越…越好/再…也不为过
You can never be too careful when crossing the street.
6. care n. 照料；保管 take care of 照顾、保管 take care (that)…当心
v. 在乎；介意 I don’t care. 我不在乎/我不放在心上。
care for 喜欢；照顾 care about 关心；在乎
7. careful adj. 仔细的；小心的 be careful of… 当心,小心 listen carefully
8. carry v. 拿；搬；运；背 carry on 继续、进行 carry out 实施、执行
9. case n. 情况；案件；病例 in case +句子/in case of +名词 万一
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 in no case 绝不
as is often the case 事实往往如此 eg: As is often the case, women live longer than man.
There are some cases where this method won’t work.
10. ◎cash n. 现金 pay in cash /by check vt. 兑现 ~ a check
cash in on…从...获得利润 The shop are cashing in on temporary shortage by raising prices.
11.●cast v. 扔，抛，撒
cast your net wide cast about/ around for sth cast sb./ sth out
cast sb./ sth aside be cast away be cast down cast sth off
12. catch—caught—caught catch up with 赶上
catch sight of 看见 catch sb. doing 撞见/捉住某人做某事
catch one’s eye= attract one’s attention 引起某人注意；引人注目
13.●cater v. 提供（承办）酒席，满足需求
cater for sth/sb : The class caters for all ability ranges.
cater to sth/ sb: It catered for all tastes.
14. cattle n. 牛（总称）单复同形 The cattle are in the shed. 牛在牛棚里。
15. cause n. 原因、起因 cause and effect 因果
the cause of fire/cancer 火灾/癌症的起因
v. 引起；促使 The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.
16. ◎cautious adj. 谨慎的 小心的 be cautious of/ about...
caution n. 谨慎 小心 with caution 小心地
vt. 警告...小心... caution sb. to do caution sb. against... 警告某人警惕
We were cautioned not to drive too fast.
17. celebrate v. 庆祝 celebrate one’s birthday celebrate Christmas
18.◎central adj. 中心的，中央的 central bank/government
1） 主要的，首要的 play a central role in… 在…起着主导作用。
centre n. in the centre of the room
v. centre on /upon/ round /around…把…当中心 使…成为中心
19.◎ceremony n. 典礼，仪式 1) attend a wedding ceremony
2) stand on ceremony 拘于礼节 without ceremony 粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节
20. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的 certainly adv.
be certain of= be sure of 对…确信的 be certain to do =be sure to do 一定会、必然
make sure/certain of… 保证、弄清楚 * It is certain that…
21.◎challenge face/ take up a challenge 面对/接收挑战
challenging adj 具有挑战性的 a challenging job
22. chance n. 机会；可能性 give sb. a chance 给…一次机会;
take a chance/chances 冒险；碰运气 by chance/accident 偶然;
There is a/no chance that… 有可能/不可能…
23. change v. 改变、变化; n. 变化；零钱（不可数）
change…into… 把……变成; change one’s mind 改变主意
Great changes have taken place in China.
There is no time to get changed before the party. Do you have any change on/with you ?
24.●characteristic adj. 独特的 n. 特征 特点 a key characteristic of…
25. charge n./vt charge…for… 收/要价多少;
charge sb. with sth/doing 指控某人做了 get the phone charged 手机被充电;
The soldiers were charging forward bravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。
take charge of 负责、管理 in charge of 负责;
in the charge of 被/由… 负责; free of charge 免费
26. chat v./n. 聊天；闲谈 chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天; chat room 聊天室
27. check v./ n. 检查；核对；批改; 支票 by check 用支票支付
辨析： check examine
check 指核对某事物是否正确, examine 表检查、调查、审查等
check the answers check the mailbox 核实邮箱（看有没有信）
examine your body/eyes examine the machine
28. cheer n./vi. 欢呼；喝彩A great cheer went up from the crowd.
cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer up 振作起来；高兴起来 Cheers ! 共同举杯
29. ◎cheerful adj 兴高采烈的，高兴地 a cheerful smile
30. cheque＝ check(美) 支票 in cash 付现金 by check/cheque 用支票支付
31. chicken c/n. 小鸡 u/n. 鸡肉 Would you like some chicken? 来点鸡肉怎么样？
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）
32. chief adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领；领导人 chiefs (复数)
33. choice c/n. 选择； choose v. 选择 choose—chose—chosen
make a choice /make choices 做选择 have no choice but to do 除了…别无选择
We chose Bill as chairman. There are a lot of books to choose from.
34. Christmas Merry Christmas! on Christmas Eve;
at Christmas 圣诞节期间 on Christmas 在圣诞节这天
35. church go to church; attend church 去教堂做礼拜
36. cinema 电影院 go to the cinema
37. circle n. 圆圈 vi 环绕，盘旋 The plane circled over the airport before landing.
38.●circulate v. 循环，流传，传阅
circulate sth (to sb.) The document will be circulated to all members.
39.●clarify v.澄清，阐明，使…..纯净 clarify a situation/ problem/ issue
clarification n. seek clarification of
40. class after class; have classes; the first class 头等； the working class 工人阶级
41.●classify把……分类为 classify…into…
classify sb./ sth as … Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
42. clean v. 打扫；弄干净 clean up；clean the table/the room adj. 清洁的
43. clear adj. 清晰的 clear water; clear glass; a clear explanation; make oneself clear
v 清除，放晴 clear away 雾烟等消散；clear up （天气）放晴； clearly adv.
44. close vt. 关闭 adj. 近的；亲密的 adv. 近地
closely adv. 密切地；仔细地 watch closely 密切注视；仔细观察
a close friend; be/stand/get close to;
close the door/eyes; with his eyes closed/open close down 关闭、倒闭
45. cloth u/c 布料，抹布； a piece of cloth； a table cloth；
clothing u/n (总称) 衣服 a piece of clothing； an article of clothing clothes(pl.) 衣服；
46. coast 海岸 on/along the coast 在岸上/沿岸 off the coast 离海岸不远的地方
47. coffee a cup of coffee; a coffee/two coffees
48. coin c/n Every coin has two sides. 事物皆有两面性
49.●coincidence n.共同发生,巧合
by coincidence what a coincidence a strange/ remarkable coincidence
50. collect vt. 收集；搜集 collect stamps/stamp collecting 集邮
51.●collection收藏品 a stamp collection have a large collection of books
52.●combine使联合,使结合 combine A with/ and B
53. come came-came-come come up with 提出；想出
come across 偶遇; come about 产生，发生; come on 加油；快点；得啦
come true 实现; come up 走近；被提出；想起；发芽come out 出来；出版
54. comfort v. 安慰 u/n 舒适 live in comfort 生活安逸; a comfort 令人安慰的人或事
comfortable adj. live a comfortable life comfortably adv. live comfortably
55.●command n.&v 命令，指挥，支配
at /by one’s command get command of under one’s command
have a good command of command sb. to do sth.
command that clause (should do)
56. ◎comment n. 评论 make a comment on /about sth
vi comment on/ upon sth
57.●commit犯, 干(坏事)等 commit murder/ suicide commit sb/ yourself to sth/ doing
commit yourself (to sth): You don’t have to commit yourself now, just think about it.
58. common a common mistake 常见错误; common practice 惯例; common sense 常识
have much/a lot/ little/nothing in common； in common with… 和……一样
59. ◎communicate vt 传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等） communication n
He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.
vi 与某人交流（信息或消息，意见等），沟通 communicate with sb
60. company u/n. 交往；陪伴 c/n. 公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人
61. compare compare…with… 把…和…比较 ； compare…to… 把…比作…
compared with/to (作状语) 与…相比 Compared with/to other people, he is fortunate.
62.●compensate 补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate for sth compensate sb for sth
63. ◎compete vi 比赛，竞赛 competition n. compete with / against sb in sth for sth
64. complete adj. 完整的 v. 完成、结束 a complete story 完整的故事
complete the project completely adv. be completely destroyed 彻底毁坏
65. ●compromise
高考英语词汇解析
A
1.●abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair.
2. ◎ability n. 能力； 才能 the ability to walk 行走的能力
to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力 He completed the job to the best of his ability.
3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 They thought his behavior was abnormal.
反义词：normal
4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)
all the people aboard 机上的人
5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处
a) be about to do sth…(when) I was about to go out when it began to rain.
b) look about/around/round c) How/What about…询问情况或建议
6 . above prep 在…上面 above all 首先;尤其
7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在国内外
8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席
absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence.
in the absence of 在缺少…条件下 The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等） 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
absorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…
11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
12. accept vt.
accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…
13.●access n.方法，通路，机会
The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high officials have access to the emperor.
We students have access to the school library.
accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的
Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事
by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心
15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket
accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.
16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现 accomplishment n. 成就，成绩
accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal
17. according to 根据 According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责 accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…
19.● accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的
be/ get/ become accustomed to doing He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 达到；取得 achievement n 成就
achieve success/victory/one’s goal;
22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等） make great achievements
23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.
Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
I acknowledged financial support from the local government.
24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到
25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事
act as 充当；扮演 act out 把…表演出来
26. action n. 行动 take action to do sth put sth into action 把…付诸实施
27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 take an active part in /be active in 积极参加
28.◎activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外运动
29.actual a.实际的 actually adv. in (actual) fact 实际上
30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应 adapt to change /the city life
adapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）
add(…)to 添加 add up 把…加在一起 add up to总计为; 总数为
a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again.
c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）
address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33.●adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应 adjust your speed /the volume/ the camera
adjust to the dark/ the single life adjust yourself to the student life adjustment n. 调整，调节
34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕
admire sb for sth I admire John for his courage.
35. admit vt （admitted ,admitted）
1) 承认 admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having done
He admitted having stolen the money.
2) 准许（入场，入学，入会） admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to
He has been admitted to Beijing University.
36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child the adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude
37. advance vi推进，促进；前进 adj. advanced 先进的/ 高级的
in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker
38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 优于… to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利
39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告
1）为…做广告 advertise a product / things
2）登广告征求/寻找… advertise for a new sales manager
40. advice n/u. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议 take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 a piece of advice 一条建议
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等
Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I can’t afford a book/to buy the book
43. afraid a. 害怕的；担心
be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…
She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着
stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature; be against sth 反对
They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
45. age n.年龄；时代 vi. 变老 for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of … ;
of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.
46. agree vi. 同意；应允
1）agree with ① agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.
②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：
The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2）agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
3）agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。
Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 ahead of time 提前 go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧
48.◎aid n. 援助；救护；辅助工具
first aid 急救 in aid of 支持
by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助 come/ go to one’s aid 帮助某人
v. 帮助，促进 aid (sb/ sth) in/ with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…
49. aim at
① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.
② (向某方面)努力 She's aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.
③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.
50.◎alike adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.
adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)
52. allow v 准许，允许 allow doing/ sb to do
allow for 把 考虑进去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv几乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独的
1) 形容词She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。）
2) 副词I like to work alone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。）
3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes alone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰
let alone 更不用说
★ lonely1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man / island.
2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大声地 read aloud/ think aloud
56. ◎amaze vt. 使惊奇，惊叹；震惊
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的
I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.
It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.
57. ◎ amount n. 数额（尤指数量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n
large amounts of +u/n v. （数量，意义等） 等同，相当于 amount to
1) （数量上）达到，总计
Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为
2）等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58. ● amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐amuse sb. 使…高兴 The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/ with 被…逗乐 amuse oneself 自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves by drawing. amusement n. to one’s amusement
59. ◎amusement n. 1) 娱乐,乐趣 to one’s amusement 让某人发笑
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。
2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements amuse vt. amuse sb/ oneself 使开心，逗笑
amused / amusing adj. an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/ 神情/ 表情
an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/ 电影
60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily /angrier )
be angry at (about) 因为…而生气 be angry with sb 生某人的气
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/ intention announce sth to sb announce that
At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
make an announcement
62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知
63.◎annoy vt. （使）烦恼 be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth.
What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
annoyed adj. 略感烦恼（生气）的 annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的
It’s _____that we didn’t know about this before.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切
Mr Davies was ____that the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。
64. answer n. the answer to the question v. answer a question/the door/the phone；
answer for 对… 负责 You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.
65. ◎anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心
anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb
渴望的，急切的 be anxious to do sth
67. ◎apologize n. 道歉，歉意 apology n.
make an apology/ apologies to sb for sth apologise to sb for sth
68. ●appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
The design has appealed to people of all ages. I appeal to you to protect the environment.
have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面 The man suddenly ______ from behind the tree scared me.
2) 系动词 似乎，好像 appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎
It appears (to sb) that /as if He appeared to be happy in the news.
It appears to me that he will win
It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。
Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70. ◎appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances 以貌取人
71.◎application n.申请 make an application for
72. apply v. 申请 apply for 申请；请求，接洽
apply sth to …运用，应用 apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事
73. ●appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定
1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。 He was appointed as chairman.
2). 约定，确定 Everyone got there at the appointed time.
In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n.
make an appointment 约定、会 his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 appreciate your concern appreciate doing sth
appreciate your abilities/ fine works of art I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
76. ◎approach 1). v. 接近；靠近；走进
As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.
2). n. 接近；方法；途径；通路
He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.
His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
77. ●approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 approve of 赞成，同意 approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/ 提议
approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument 1) argue for /against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事
80. ◎arise arose arisen vi. 1) 出现，发生，产生 A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。
2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.◎argument n. 1)争论，辩论 have an argument with sb about / over sth
2) 论点，论据 a powerful argument against smoking argue v. argue with sb about / over sth
82. arm
n. 手臂,支架 武器（复） arm in arm 手挽手 take up arms 拿起武器
vt. 以…装备,武装起来 arm…with…
Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约
around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 around the clock 昼夜不停地
84.◎arrange vt. 安排，布置
arrange an appointment 安排预约 Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。
The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
arrangement n. 安排，布置 make arrangements for…
85.◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
86. arrive v arrival n. 到来；达到 arrive at Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival
87. article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词 an article of clothing 一件衣服
88. ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
89. asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词) fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.
90. ●assist v. 帮助，协助 assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. ●assume v. 假定，假设 It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。 assuming （that）… 假设，假如
92. assumption n.
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 ※ ashamed & shameful
ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
93. astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at 对…感到大吃一惊 an astonished look
94. attach attach …to
95. attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby
97. attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on； attract one’s attention
98. attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚
99. available
100. average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 on (the)average 按平均
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101. avoid doing
102. awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken) Is he awake or asleep? awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. adj 醒着的be wide awake
103. award n. v.
104. aware be aware of
105. away adv离开；远离 keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送
106. awful
B
1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背
back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾
put back 放回去； turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
2. ◎backward adv. backward and forward 来来回回
bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做…
3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage
4. ◎balance 1) n. ① 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance
disturb the balance of one’s mind
② 余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知所措 on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth balance on one leg
He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career
③比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj. be on a balanced diet
5. ●ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做
6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred.
阻止 bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking
7. bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货
Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth
8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础 His book is based on a true story.
2) be based in以...为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills basically adv.
9. ◎basis (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis of…
2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of… Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.
10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath
bathe v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线） bathroom n.浴室
11. bear (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. ※ beat & hit &strike & knock
13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…
It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…
14. beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
15. begin—began—begun—beginning begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一
I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.
16. beginning n.开始，开端 at the beginning of… in the beginning= at first
17. ◎behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave badly/well/like a true gentleman
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children
18. ◎ behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体
19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带
20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs
短语 beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
21. believe believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你
It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.
22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair.
23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bend—bent—bent
She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。
24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abroad.
短语: be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... to one’s benefit 对某人有利
for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益
2） vt./ vi. benefit sb./ sth benefit from/ by...
beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 be beneficial to ...
25. best do/ try one’s best to do 尽全力做 make the best of…尽量利用
all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意
26. better had better do…最好做… 否定：had better not do
be better worth reading 更值得读 be better known 更著名的
27. beyond 超出、超过 beyond one’s imagination/description 难以想象/描述
beyond one’s power 超出能力范围 beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到
28. ●bid –bid- bid- bidding v. 出价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth.
I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。
The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万
29. birth n.出生、诞生 at birth 出生时 give birth to 生下、孕育了
30. biscuit 饼干c/n some chocolate biscuits
31. bit 1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n. He can speak a bit of French.
2) a bit/a little +比较级 a bit more slowly 3) not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不
32. blame 1）be to blame 应该受到责备（主动表被动） 2) blame sb. for doing→sb. be blamed for …
33.◎blank
1) n. 空白处，空格 fill in the blanks
(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name.
2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的 a blank form/ wall
不理解的，没表情的,空虚的 a blank expression Suddenly my mind went blank.
34. be blind to 对…视而不见、熟视无睹 =turn a blind eye to
35. blow v. (blew blown) 吹、刮 blow down 吹倒 blow up 爆炸、炸毁
n. 打击 give sb. a blow 给某人打击
36. board n. 木板、布告牌 v. 登上 on board 在船（车、飞机） board a train 上火车
37. book c/n 书 v. 预定（车、船）票 book a room/ ticket
38. ◎bored adj. be bored with... / to death. boring adj. a boring job /book/man
39. ◎bother vt./vi. 1) 花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）
① bother with/ about sth ---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.
It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella.
② bother to do He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.
③ bother doing Why bother asking if you are not really interested?
2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，担忧
① bother sb with/ about... I don’t want to bother her with my problems.
---I’m sorry he was rude to you. --- It doesn’t bother me.
② bother sb. that... Does it bother you that she earns more than you?
③ bother sb. to do... It bothers me to think of her alone at home.
3) 打扰 插话 bother sb Sorry to bother you, but...
be bothered about sb./ sth 认为...重要 关心... I’m not bothered about what he thinks.
n. 麻烦 困难（不可数） ---Thanks for your help. --- it was no bother.
put sb. to bother get sb. /oneself into bother给某人添麻烦
40. bottom at the bottom of… from the bottom of one’s heart
41. break—broke –broken break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；
break in 打断；闯入 break up 破碎；（关系）破裂
break away from 摆脱、脱离
42. breath n. hold one’s breath take a deep breath out of breath breathe v.
43. bring bring up bring down bring about bring in
44. broken adj. speak in broken English a broken marriage
45. ◎budget n. within / over budget 在预算内/超出预算 on a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据
vt. ~ sth for ... 将...编入预算 ~$1,000,000 for education spending
vi. ~ for 存钱 编预算 ~ for a holiday abroad
46. build—built—built v. 建筑；建造 build up 增进、增强
47. burn—burned—burned/--burnt—burnt 燃烧；晒黑、伤 burn down 烧毁
burn…to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地 get burnt 被晒伤
a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛
48. burst v. 突然发生burst—burst—burst
burst out laughing/ crying = burst into laughter/ tears 突然大笑起来/痛哭起来
49. bury v. 埋葬bury—buried—buried—burying
bury one’s face in the hands 手捂着脸 bury oneself in… = be buried in…
50. business n. 生意；职责；（本分）工作 on business
do business with sb. Business is business.
It’s none of your business. 与你无关。 mind your own business 管好你自己的事
51. busy adj. 忙的；忙碌的 be busy with sth. be busy (in) doing 忙于做 busily adv
52. but conj.但是 prep.除了
not…but… 不是…而是 we have no choice but to wait. 除了等待别无选择。
We can do nothing but wait. 除了等待什么也不能做。
but for 要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）But for your help, I would have failed.
53. by by bus/car/plane/air/train/ship… 乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船
C
1.●calculate v. 计算， 核算 It has been calculated that …
eg. It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
(be) calculated to do sth. eg. The speech was calculated to win votes.
2. call v. 叫；喊；打电话 a girl called Mary a girl calling herself Mary
call on call at sp. call for call up call off call in
3. calm adj. 镇静的、沉着的 calm down v.使镇静 keep calm
4. camp n.营 v.野营；宿营 summer camp 夏令营 go camping 去野营
5. can 否定：cannot= can’t
can’t help doing = can’t help but do 禁不住
can not…too… = can never…too… 越…越好/再…也不为过
You can never be too careful when crossing the street.
6. care n. 照料；保管 take care of 照顾、保管 take care (that)…当心
v. 在乎；介意 I don’t care. 我不在乎/我不放在心上。
care for 喜欢；照顾 care about 关心；在乎
7. careful adj. 仔细的；小心的 be careful of… 当心,小心 listen carefully
8. carry v. 拿；搬；运；背 carry on 继续、进行 carry out 实施、执行
9. case n. 情况；案件；病例 in case +句子/in case of +名词 万一
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 in no case 绝不
as is often the case 事实往往如此 eg: As is often the case, women live longer than man.
There are some cases where this method won’t work.
10. ◎cash n. 现金 pay in cash /by check vt. 兑现 ~ a check
cash in on…从...获得利润 The shop are cashing in on temporary shortage by raising prices.
11.●cast v. 扔，抛，撒
cast your net wide cast about/ around for sth cast sb./ sth out
cast sb./ sth aside be cast away be cast down cast sth off
12. catch—caught—caught catch up with 赶上
catch sight of 看见 catch sb. doing 撞见/捉住某人做某事
catch one’s eye= attract one’s attention 引起某人注意；引人注目
13.●cater v. 提供（承办）酒席，满足需求
cater for sth/sb : The class caters for all ability ranges.
cater to sth/ sb: It catered for all tastes.
14. cattle n. 牛（总称）单复同形 The cattle are in the shed. 牛在牛棚里。
15. cause n. 原因、起因 cause and effect 因果
the cause of fire/cancer 火灾/癌症的起因
v. 引起；促使 The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.
16. ◎cautious adj. 谨慎的 小心的 be cautious of/ about...
caution n. 谨慎 小心 with caution 小心地
vt. 警告...小心... caution sb. to do caution sb. against... 警告某人警惕
We were cautioned not to drive too fast.
17. celebrate v. 庆祝 celebrate one’s birthday celebrate Christmas
18.◎central adj. 中心的，中央的 central bank/government
1） 主要的，首要的 play a central role in… 在…起着主导作用。
centre n. in the centre of the room
v. centre on /upon/ round /around…把…当中心 使…成为中心
19.◎ceremony n. 典礼，仪式 1) attend a wedding ceremony
2) stand on ceremony 拘于礼节 without ceremony 粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节
20. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的 certainly adv.
be certain of= be sure of 对…确信的 be certain to do =be sure to do 一定会、必然
make sure/certain of… 保证、弄清楚 * It is certain that…
21.◎challenge face/ take up a challenge 面对/接收挑战
challenging adj 具有挑战性的 a challenging job
22. chance n. 机会；可能性 give sb. a chance 给…一次机会;
take a chance/chances 冒险；碰运气 by chance/accident 偶然;
There is a/no chance that… 有可能/不可能…
23. change v. 改变、变化; n. 变化；零钱（不可数）
change…into… 把……变成; change one’s mind 改变主意
Great changes have taken place in China.
There is no time to get changed before the party. Do you have any change on/with you ?
24.●characteristic adj. 独特的 n. 特征 特点 a key characteristic of…
25. charge n./vt charge…for… 收/要价多少;
charge sb. with sth/doing 指控某人做了 get the phone charged 手机被充电;
The soldiers were charging forward bravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。
take charge of 负责、管理 in charge of 负责;
in the charge of 被/由… 负责; free of charge 免费
26. chat v./n. 聊天；闲谈 chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天; chat room 聊天室
27. check v./ n. 检查；核对；批改; 支票 by check 用支票支付
辨析： check examine
check 指核对某事物是否正确, examine 表检查、调查、审查等
check the answers check the mailbox 核实邮箱（看有没有信）
examine your body/eyes examine the machine
28. cheer n./vi. 欢呼；喝彩A great cheer went up from the crowd.
cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer up 振作起来；高兴起来 Cheers ! 共同举杯
29. ◎cheerful adj 兴高采烈的，高兴地 a cheerful smile
30. cheque＝ check(美) 支票 in cash 付现金 by check/cheque 用支票支付
31. chicken c/n. 小鸡 u/n. 鸡肉 Would you like some chicken? 来点鸡肉怎么样？
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）
32. chief adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领；领导人 chiefs (复数)
33. choice c/n. 选择； choose v. 选择 choose—chose—chosen
make a choice /make choices 做选择 have no choice but to do 除了…别无选择
We chose Bill as chairman. There are a lot of books to choose from.
34. Christmas Merry Christmas! on Christmas Eve;
at Christmas 圣诞节期间 on Christmas 在圣诞节这天
35. church go to church; attend church 去教堂做礼拜
36. cinema 电影院 go to the cinema
37. circle n. 圆圈 vi 环绕，盘旋 The plane circled over the airport before landing.
38.●circulate v. 循环，流传，传阅
circulate sth (to sb.) The document will be circulated to all members.
39.●clarify v.澄清，阐明，使…..纯净 clarify a situation/ problem/ issue
clarification n. seek clarification of
40. class after class; have classes; the first class 头等； the working class 工人阶级
41.●classify把……分类为 classify…into…
classify sb./ sth as … Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
42. clean v. 打扫；弄干净 clean up；clean the table/the room adj. 清洁的
43. clear adj. 清晰的 clear water; clear glass; a clear explanation; make oneself clear
v 清除，放晴 clear away 雾烟等消散；clear up （天气）放晴； clearly adv.
44. close vt. 关闭 adj. 近的；亲密的 adv. 近地
closely adv. 密切地；仔细地 watch closely 密切注视；仔细观察
a close friend; be/stand/get close to;
close the door/eyes; with his eyes closed/open close down 关闭、倒闭
45. cloth u/c 布料，抹布； a piece of cloth； a table cloth；
clothing u/n (总称) 衣服 a piece of clothing； an article of clothing clothes(pl.) 衣服；
46. coast 海岸 on/along the coast 在岸上/沿岸 off the coast 离海岸不远的地方
47. coffee a cup of coffee; a coffee/two coffees
48. coin c/n Every coin has two sides. 事物皆有两面性
49.●coincidence n.共同发生,巧合
by coincidence what a coincidence a strange/ remarkable coincidence
50. collect vt. 收集；搜集 collect stamps/stamp collecting 集邮
51.●collection收藏品 a stamp collection have a large collection of books
52.●combine使联合,使结合 combine A with/ and B
53. come came-came-come come up with 提出；想出
come across 偶遇; come about 产生，发生; come on 加油；快点；得啦
come true 实现; come up 走近；被提出；想起；发芽come out 出来；出版
54. comfort v. 安慰 u/n 舒适 live in comfort 生活安逸; a comfort 令人安慰的人或事
comfortable adj. live a comfortable life comfortably adv. live comfortably
55.●command n.&v 命令，指挥，支配
at /by one’s command get command of under one’s command
have a good command of command sb. to do sth.
command that clause (should do)
56. ◎comment n. 评论 make a comment on /about sth
vi comment on/ upon sth
57.●commit犯, 干(坏事)等 commit murder/ suicide commit sb/ yourself to sth/ doing
commit yourself (to sth): You don’t have to commit yourself now, just think about it.
58. common a common mistake 常见错误; common practice 惯例; common sense 常识
have much/a lot/ little/nothing in common； in common with… 和……一样
59. ◎communicate vt 传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等） communication n
He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.
vi 与某人交流（信息或消息，意见等），沟通 communicate with sb
60. company u/n. 交往；陪伴 c/n. 公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人
61. compare compare…with… 把…和…比较 ； compare…to… 把…比作…
compared with/to (作状语) 与…相比 Compared with/to other people, he is fortunate.
62.●compensate 补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate for sth compensate sb for sth
63. ◎compete vi 比赛，竞赛 competition n. compete with / against sb in sth for sth
64. complete adj. 完整的 v. 完成、结束 a complete story 完整的故事
complete the project completely adv. be completely destroyed 彻底毁坏
65. ●compromise